颜色模式
Appendix: Ma and Li’s study of church openness in shanghai and chengdu[1]
| Shanghai Churches | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Church | Theological Background1 | Naming2 | Publicity | Leadership | Sunday closure3 | Financial |
| UY | L | C | C | C | C | C |
| GL | E | O | SC | C | C | C |
| PC | E | O | C | C | C | C |
| UC | E | O | C | C | C | C |
| GU | F | O | O | O | O | O |
| GS | C | O | SC | C | O | C |
| PL | L | O | C | C | C | C |
| CF | E | O | C | O | SC | SO |
| LS | E | O | C | C | C | C |
| MZ | E | O | SC | C | SO | C |
| LC | E | C | C | C | C | C |
| HL | E | O | C | C | C | C |
| WB | C | O | O | C | O | O |
| BC | C | O | C | C | C | C |
| BB | E | O | SC | C | O | C |
| SJ | F | C | C | C | O | C |
| DC | E | O | C | C | C | C |
| % (open) | 82.4 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 29.4 | 11.8 | |
1 For theological backgrounds in Shanghai, L = Little Flock (Nee’s Local Church), E = Evangelical, F = Fundamentalist, C = Charismatic. Ma and Li, Surviving the State, 181. 2 For this column and the columns afterwards, O = Open, meaning “open to the public.” C = Closed, meaning “church groups whose practice deny access to the general public, or that are characterized by a high degree of underground, informal, secretive features.” SC = Semi-closed, meaning somewhere between open and closed but “tending towards the closed end,” while SO = Semi-open, meaning somewhere between open and closed but “tends towards the open end.” Ma and Li, Surviving the State, 179. 3 By “Sunday Closure,” Ma and Li mean, “Church groups that set up a probationary period for new believers and those who transfer from other churches before they are qualified to participate in Sunday services are closed in outlook. Visitors are not included in their Sunday services either. In comparison, churches that welcome members of the public are considered open.” Ma and Li, Surviving the State, 180. | ||||||
| Chengdu Churches (With Reformed churches highlighted) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Church | Theological Background1 | Naming | Publicity | Leadership | Sunday closure | Financial |
| GB | R | O | O | O | O | O |
| LWC | R | O | O | O | O | O |
| SL | F | C | C | C | SO | C |
| LG | E | O | O | O | O | O |
| SA | C | O | O | C | O | C |
| TC | P | O | O | C | O | C |
| SL | E | O | O | SC | O | SO |
| PX | E | C | SC | C | O | C |
| HP | E | O | O | SC | O | SC |
| VC | C | O | O | C | O | C |
| GB | P | O | O | SC | O | O |
| CSC | R | O | O | O | O | O |
| % (Open) | 83.3 | 83.3 | 33.3 | 91.7 | 41.7 | |
| 1 For theological backgrounds in Chengdu, R = Reformed, E = Evangelical, F = Fundamentalist, C = Charismatic, P = Pentecostal. See Ma and Li, Surviving the State, 181. It is unclear how Ma and Li distinguish between their theological background categories in either of these two tables, whether they are based on how churches self-identify, or whether they are based on Ma and Li’s observation of the theology and practice of the church. |
These tables are taken from Li Ma and Jin Li, Surviving the State, Remaking the Church: A Sociological Portrait of Christians in Mainland China (Eugene, OR: Pickwick, 2018), Kindle edition, 181–82. Church names are kept discreet. ↩︎